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Recent development of high pressure techniques can make it possible to reappear the center of the earth'scondition.
The various information in the earth become clear through the in-situ high pressure experiments with SR. Thestructure of iron, which is the major element at the inner core of the earth, is experimentally verified to keep thehcp type structure. The kinetics of the transition of Mg2SiO4 at the mantle-core boundary was measured by timeresolvedexperiment. The viscosity of magma can be precisely obtained by radiography method. The velocity of mantleconstructing materials can be measured at high pressure and temperature condition.
The techniques are also quite effective in the field of materials science. Even the lightest element hydrogen becomesthe target of high pressure diffraction study. The transition from phase-II to phase-III at 100K was clearly observed,which was simultaneously measured with Raman scattering measurement. Magnetic transition of FeH was investigatedby x-ray diffraction and SR mossbauer effect.
A new neutron scattering system under pressure is now constructing at J-PARC, which is a comprehensive facility ofmaterials science and elementary particle sciences constructed by KEK and JAEA. Brief introduction will be presented.
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